k-Wave Toolbox |

## Modelling Sensor Directivity in 2D Example

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Overview Defining a large element detector Defining a collection of point sources Running simulations for each point source

### Overview

This example demonstrates how the sensitivity of a large single element detector varies with the angular position of a point-like source. It builds on Monopole Point Source In A Homogeneous Propagation Medium and Focussed Detector in 2D examples.

- open the file in the MATLAB Editor
- run the file in MATLAB

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### Defining a large element detector

The sensor is defined as a binary sensor mask in the shape of a line.

    % define a large area detector
    sensor.mask = zeros(Nx, Ny);
    sensor.mask(Nx/2+1, (Ny/2-9):(Ny/2+11)) = 1;

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### Defining a collection of point sources

Equi-spaced point sources are then defined at a fixed distance from the centre of the detector face. To do this, the Cartesian coordinates of the source points are calculated using `makeCartCircle`. A binary source mask corresponding to these Cartesian points is then calculated using `cart2grid`. The indices of the matrix elements for which the binary mask is equal to 1 (the source points) are found using `find`.

    % define equally spaced point sources lying on a circle centred at the
    % centre of the detector face
    circle = makeCartCircle(30*dx, 11, [0, 0], pi);

    % find the binary sensor mask most closely corresponding to the cartesian
    % points coordinates from makeCartCircle
    circle = cart2grid(kgrid,circle);

    % find the indices of the sources in the binary source mask
    source_positions = find(circle == 1);

A time varying pressure source is defined to drive the point sources.

    % define a time varying sinusoidal source
    source_freq = 0.25e6;
    source_mag = 1;
    source.p = source_mag*sin(2*pi*source_freq*kgrid.t_array);

    % filter the source to remove high frequencies not supported by the grid
    source.p = filterTimeSeries(kgrid, medium, source.p);

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### Running simulations for each point source

For each point source, a new binary source mask is defined, and the simulation is run. When each simulation has finished, the returned sensor data is summed together to mimic a single large detector.

    for source_loop = 1:length(source_positions)

        % select a point source
        source.p_mask = zeros(Nx, Ny);
        source.p_mask(source_positions(source_loop)) = 1;

        % create a display mask to display the transducer
        display_mask = source.p_mask + sensor.mask;

        % run the simulation
        input_args = {'DisplayMask', display_mask, 'PlotScale', [-0.5 0.5]};
        sensor_data = kspaceFirstOrder2D(kgrid, medium, source, sensor, input_args{:});

        % average the data recorded for each grid point to simulate the
        % measured signal from a large aperture, single element, detector
        single_element_data(:, source_loop) = sum(sensor_data, 1);

    end

The recorded time series corresponding to the different source positions are plotted below. The maximum of each time series are also plotted as a function of angle, where the angle is defined between the detector plane and a line joining the point source and the centre of the detector face. The directionality introduced by the large size of the detector is clearly seen.

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© 2009-2012 Bradley Treeby and Ben Cox.